Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body is unable to use insulin correctly, allowing sugar to build up in the blood.  Early detection and timely treatment of type 2 diabetes reduces complications and leads to better outcomes for patients.  Treatment can begin right away, which reduces the risk of long-term health problems.  November is Diabetes Awareness Month, the perfect time to be screened for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

How common is type 2 diabetes?

According to the CDC, more than 38 million Americans have diabetes.  Approximately 90-95% of those have type 2 diabetes.  Many people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes did not suspect they were at risk.  Symptoms may go a long time without being diagnosed.  Type 2 diabetes most often begins in middle age.  However, in recent years, more and more younger people are being diagnosed.

Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes

• Being overweight
• Having a family history of diabetes
• Are physically inactive
• Have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy
• Are age 45 or older
• Are African American, Hispanic, or Native American  (Some Pacific Islanders and Asian groups are also at higher risk.)
• Have prediabetes

Testing for Diabetes

Simple blood tests can screen for diabetes.  The A1C test shows the average blood sugar level for the past 2-3 months.  The fasting blood sugar test is done after a person has fasted overnight.  An oral glucose tolerance test screens for diabetes in pregnant women.  These tests are easily performed in a healthcare provider’s office.

Serious Complications of Type 2 Diabetes

The following are some of the most serious health issues that may occur with type 2 diabetes.

• Cardiovascular Disease – The leading cause of death for people with diabetes.  Includes high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, and damage to blood vessels.
• Chronic Kidney Disease – Diabetes damages small blood vessels that filter the blood.
• Diabetes-related Eye Disease – May lead to blindness.
• Neuropathy – Nerve damage occurs in nearly half the people with diabetes.  Most often affects the feet and legs.
• Foot Issues- Nerve damage and circulation problems in the feet may lead to infections that are hard to heal.  This may eventually cause limb loss and amputation.

RMD Primary Care

The physicians at RMD Primary Care are dedicated to educating patients about diabetes, how to prevent the disease, and how to manage it to minimize complications.  Contact us to schedule an appointment.